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ATM Security:
With early ATMs, security focused on the ATMs vulnerable to physical
attack. Several ATMs were attacked by thieves who attempted to steal the
entire machine.
Physical security of the modern ATM, now focus on denying access to a
thief the money inside by means dye markers and smoke canisters. Because
of this change, ATMs can now be found as freestanding, rather than
mounted into walls.
Other trends in ATM security rely on the retail establishment. With this
situation, ATM dispenses a printed receipt, instead of cash. The
customer gives this receipt to a sales clerk, who then dispenses the
correct amount from the till. In essence, the sales clerk acts as a
personal teller.
Phantom withdrawals have been claimed by many banks to be the result of
fraud by customers. However, experts attribute phantom withdrawals to be
the result of dishonest insiders. Ross Anderson, who is a leading
cryptography researcher, is responsible for exposing numerous bank
security errors.
Recently there have been incidences where
criminals have used fake or dummy machines or have attached fake keypads
or card readers to existing ATM machines in order to steal cards
and PINS. These were then used by the criminals to access and deplete
the customers accounts.
The bank is always liable for the customer's money when it is stolen
from the ATM in this manner. Unfortunately, there have been complaints
of banks making it difficult for the customer to recover their lost
money in this fashion.
In many cases, bank fraud occurs at ATMs when the bank accidentally
stocks the incorrect denomination into the money cassettes, therefore
the customer receives either more or less money than should have been
dispensed. Individuals who unwittingly use such ATMs are seldom
tried, however those who withdraw a second time are usually prosecuted.
Countries with high violent crime levels, like the United States,
multiple security cameras are an omnipresent feature at the ATM.
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